Fitness consequences of altering floral circadian oscillations for Nicotiana attenuata |
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Authors: | Felipe Yon Danny Kessler Youngsung Joo Lucas Cortés Llorca Sang‐Gyu Kim Ian T Baldwin |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans‐Kn?ll‐Stra?e 8, D‐07745 Jena, Germany;2. Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Yuseong‐gu, 34047 Daejeon, South Korea |
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Abstract: | Ecological interactions between flowers and pollinators are all about timing. Flower opening/closing and scent emissions are largely synchronized with pollinator activity, and a circadian clock regulates these rhythms. However, whether the circadian clock increases a plant's reproductive success by regulating these floral rhythms remains untested. Flowers of Nicotiana attenuata, a wild tobacco, diurnally and rhythmically open, emit scent and move vertically through a 140° arc to interact with nocturnal hawkmoths. We tethered flowers to evaluate the importance of flower positions for Manduca sexta‐mediated pollinations; flower position dramatically influenced pollination. We examined the pollination success of phase‐shifted flowers, silenced in circadian clock genes, NaZTL, NaLHY, and NaTOC1, by RNAi. Circadian rhythms in N. attenuata flowers are responsible for altered seed set from outcrossed pollen. |
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