中国柽柳科植物花粉形态的研究

本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了分布于我国的4属30种柽柳科植物花粉形态。并用透射电镜研究了柽柳属的代表种, Tamarix elongata外壁内部的超微结构。本科花粉为三沟, 少数属种为三拟孔沟。根据扫描电镜观察, 柽柳属花粉外壁表面具粗网状纹饰和细网状纹饰, 以及界于这两个类型之间的过渡类型。水柏枝属外壁表面具粗网状纹饰, 细网状纹饰, 小穿孔以及小的蠕虫状突起。红沙属和枇杷柴属均为细网状纹饰。 本科柽柳属花粉与杨柳科中柳属的花粉特征较相似, 本文提出了它们之间的区别。

STUDIES ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF TAMARICACEAE IN CHINA

The pollen morphology of 30 species and 4 genera of Tamaricaceae in China was investigated by means of LM and SEM, of which one species, Tamarix elongata was observed with TEM. Pollen grains of the family isopolar, radially symmetrical, subspheroidal or prolete, rarely oblete, 3-lobate-circular or rounded^- triangular in polar view, ellipsoidal in equato-rial view, 13.9-34.8×13.0-34.8μm in size, 3-colpate, only in a few spe-cies 3-colporoidate, usual colpi long, occasionally almost as long as thepolar axis, and narrow or wide, membrana nearly smooth. Exine 1.5-2μm thick, two layers distinct or indistinct, finely reticulate. The exine ofthe pollen grains in this family under SEM is characterized by coarselynd finely reticulate, and finely perforate, individual species vermiculateprotuberance. TEM reveal that pollen ectexine of Tamarix elongata consistof tectum, columella layer and foot layer, tectum with perforation or semitectum. Columella curved or hanged to the inner surface of tectum andno onnect with the food layer an branched and formed reticulum like structure. Endexine indistinct. The pollen morphology of the family has also been compared withthat of Salix (Salicaceae).