Placental lipid droplet composition: Effect of a lifestyle intervention (UPBEAT) in obese pregnant women |
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Authors: | Antonio Gázquez Olaf Uhl María Ruíz-Palacios Carolyn Gill Nashita Patel Berthold Koletzko Lucilla Poston Elvira Larqué |
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Institution: | 1. LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children''s Hospital, Munich, Germany;2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain;3. Department of Women and Children''s Health, King''s College London, St. Thomas'' Hospital, London, UK |
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Abstract: | Maternal obesity is associated with adverse outcomes. Placental lipid droplets (LD) have been implicated in maternal-fetal lipid transfer but it is not known whether placental LD fat composition is modifiable. We evaluated the effects of a diet and physical activity intervention in obese pregnant women compared to routine antenatal care (UPBEAT study) on placental LD composition. LD were isolated by ultracentrifugation. Total FAs and phospholipids (phosphatidylcholines, PCs; sphingomyelins, SMs and lyso-phosphatidylcholines, Lyso-PCs) were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Placenta MFSD2a expression was assessed by western blot. Placental LDs from obese women were comprised of predominantly saturated and monounsaturated FAs. TG and Chol composition was similar between intervention (n?=?20) and control (n?=?23) groups. PCs containing dihomo-?-linolenic acid in LD were positively associated with gestational weight gain (P?<?0.007), and lowered by the intervention. In the whole sample, PCs carrying DHA and arachidonic acid were inversely associated with placental weight. Placenta MFSD2a expression was associated with DHA cord blood metabolites and relationships were observed between LD lipids, especially DHA carrying species, and cord blood metabolites. We describe placenta LD composition for the first time and demonstrate modest, potentially beneficial effects of a lifestyle intervention on LD FAs in obese pregnant women. |
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Keywords: | ARA arachidonic acid Chol cholesterol DGLA dihomo-γ-linolenic acid FABP fatty acid binding protein GDM gestational diabetes mellitus LC-PUFA long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid LD lipid droplets LGA large for gestational age Lyso-PC lyso-phosphatidylcholine NEFA non-esterified fatty acid PC phosphatidylcholine PL phospholipid SM sphingomyelin Lipid droplets Placenta Omega-3 fatty acids Phospholipids Randomized controlled trial MFSD2a |
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