Effects of heat stress on some reproductive parameters of male cavie (Cavia porcellus) and mitigation strategies using guava (Psidium guajava) leaves essential oil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon;2. Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I Cameroon;3. Sezionedi Patologia Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Udine, Via Sondrio, 233100 Udine, Italy;1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark;2. Danish Armed Forces, Health Services, Aarhus, Denmark;3. Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark;4. Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark;5. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark;1. Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USA;2. Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035, USA;1. Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9L 0G2;2. Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9L 0G2;3. Environmental and Resource Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9L 0G2;1. Service de Médecine Interne, Néphrologie, Rhumatologie-hypertension pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des maladies Rénales Rares du Sud Ouest, SORARE, Hôpital des enfants, CHU de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;2. Service d’Immunologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69437 Lyon, France;3. EPICIME-CIC 1407 de Lyon, Inserm, Service de Pharmacotoxicologie, CHU-Lyon, 69677 Bron, France;4. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;5. Centre de biotechnologie cellulaire et Biothèque, Groupe Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France;6. Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK;7. INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker–Enfants-Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;8. INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratoire d’immunogénétique des maladies auto-immunes pédiatriques, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France;9. CNRS UPR 3572 “Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry”/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, UFR Sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Strasbourg, 67200 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France;10. Service de rhumatologie pédiatrique, CHU de Grenoble, 38700 La Tronche, France;11. Service de Rhumatologie Pédiatrique - Centre de Référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires de l’enfant (CeRéMAI), CHU de Bicêtre, APHP, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Sud, 94276 Kremlin Bicêtre, France;12. Unité de Néphrologie Pédiatriques, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France;13. Service de médecine interne, centre national de référence des maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares, Hôpital Claude Huriez, FHU IMMNeNT, Université de Lille, 59037 Lille, France;14. Centre de néphrologie et de transplantation rénale, Aix-Marseille Université, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille, France;15. Médecine Interne, Hôpitaux privés de Metz, 57070 Metz, France;p. Service de pédiatrie, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France;q. Service d’Hémato-Onco Pédiatrie, CHRU Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France;r. Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Maladies Infectieuses et Médecine Interne Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, INSERM, U1149, Centre de recherche sur l’inflammation, 75019 Paris, France;s. Service de Pédiatrie Grands Enfants-Adolescents, CHU Hôpital Sud, 35033 Rennes, France;t. Service de Pédiatrie, CHU La Réunion Site de Saint-Pierre, BP 350, 97448 Saint-Pierre, France;u. Laboratoire d’autoimmunité, Service d’immunologie humorale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, CHLS, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France;w. Service de néphrologie et rhumatologie pédiatrique, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant et université de Lyon 1, INSERM U1111, 69677 Bron, France;v. Immunologie et rhumatologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, APHP, 75015 Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | Climate changes, particularly the increase of temperature are among the main causes behind the decline of fertility in humans as well as animals. In this study, the effects of heat stress on some reproductive parameters of male cavies and mitigation strategies using guava leaves essential oil (GLEO) were studied. For this purpose, 40 male cavies aged 2.5–3 months and weighing between 348 and 446 g were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each and subjected to the following temperatures: Ambient temperature (20–25 °C) for the control group, 35 °C for group 1, 45 °C for group 2 and 45 °C+100 µl GLEO/kg body weight, administered by gavage to animals for group 3. Exposure time of heat was 7 h per day for 60 days. Results reveal that the relative weights of testes, epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicles were hardly affected by the temperature levels considered (P>0.05). The mass and individual sperm motility was significantly lower (P<0.05) in cavies exposed to the temperature of 35 and 45 °C as compared with those which received GLEO and controls. The percentages of abnormal sperm and altered sperm DNA were higher in animals exposed to temperature of 35 and 45 °C as compared with the controls. The activity of superoxide dismutase significantly increased (P<0.05) in animals exposed to temperature of 45 °C and in those of 45 °C and orally treated with GLEO, compared with cavies exposed to temperature of 45 °C without receiving GLEO. The level of malondialdehyde was significantly increased (P<0.05) in animals exposed to temperature of 35 and 45 °C, whereas the level of nitric oxide was significantly lower (P<0.05) in exposed animals as compared with controls. It was concluded that the exposure of male cavies at 35 and 45 °C for 60 days induce heat stress that causes deterioration of sperm characteristics. These effects that can be mitigated by the administration of guava leaves essential oil. |
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| Keywords: | Reproduction Male cavy Heat stress Guava leaves essential oil |
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