Differentiation among the Vibrio cholerae serotypes O1, O139, O141 and non-O1, non-O139, non-O141 using specific monoclonal antibodies with dot blotting

Seven different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to only Vibrio cholerae were produced using a combination of five representative serotypes of V. cholerae for immunization. The first three MAbs (VC-93, VC-82 and VC-223) were specific to the V. cholerae serogroup O1 with different avidity for the serotypes O1 Inaba and O1 Ogawa. The fourth and the fifth MAbs were specific to V. cholerae O139 (VC-812) or O141 (VC-191) serogroups, respectively. The sixth MAb (VC-26) bound to all three serogroups of V. cholerae. The seventh MAb (VC-63) bound to all twenty five isolates of V. cholerae used in this study. None of the seven MAbs showed cross-reactivity with other Vibrio spp. or closely-related V. cholerae species, V. mimicus or other gram-negative bacteria. The eighth MAbs (VC-201) specific to almost all Vibrio spp. was also obtained. In dot blotting, these MAbs can be used to detect a diluted pure culture of V. cholerae in solution with a sensitivity range of from 10⁵ to 10⁷ CFU ml^− 1. However, the detection capability could be improved equivalent to that of PCR technique after preincubation of samples in alkaline peptone water (APW). Thus, these MAbs constitute convenient immunological tools that can be used for simple, rapid and simultaneous direct detection and differentiation of the individual serotypes of V. cholerae in complex samples, such as food and infected animals, without the requirement for bacterial isolation or biochemical characterization.