南京市栖霞区3～5岁儿童乳牙患龋现状调查及其影响因素分析

目的:调查南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋现状,并分析患龋的影响因素。方法:于2020年1月到2020年12月,采用整群随机抽样法,抽取南京市栖霞区8所幼儿园中符合3~5周岁年龄段的儿童。观察入选对象的乳牙患龋现状,对入选对象的照顾者进行问卷调查,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋的影响因素。结果:每所幼儿园抽取3、4、5岁儿童各42人,合计1008人。实际完成调查1000人,响应率99.21%,1000人中有573人乳牙患龋,患龋率为57.30%。不同性别、年龄的儿童其患龋率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋与糖摄入频率、照顾者学历、家庭人均月收入、使用含氟牙膏情况、睡前进食、大人帮助下刷牙、每天刷牙次数、开始刷牙年龄、近半年有无口腔检查有关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄>4岁、糖摄入频率≥2次/d、睡前进食、家庭人均月收入<2000元、照顾者学历初中及以下是南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋的危险因素,而开始刷牙年龄≤2岁、每天刷牙次数≥2次、使用含氟牙膏是南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:南京市栖霞区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率较高,且受到年龄、糖摄入频率、睡前进食等多种因素影响,可考虑针对相关因素加强口腔健康教育和龋病预防控制工作。

Investigation Status and Influencing Factors of Caries of Deciduous Tooth in Children Aged 3~5 Years in Qixia District, Nanjing

Objective:To investigate the status of caries of deciduous tooth in children aged 3~5 years in Qixia District,Nanjing,and to analyze the influencing factors of caries.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2020,a cluster random sampling method was used to select children aged 3~5 years from 8 kindergartens in Qixia District,Nanjing.The status of caries in the selected subjects were observed,a questionnaire survey on the guardians of the selected subjects was conducted.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of deciduous tooth caries in children aged 3~5 years in Qixia district,Nanjing city.Results:42 children aged 3,4 and 5 were selected from each kindergarten,with a total of 1008.1000 people actually completed the survey,and the response rate was 99.21%.573 of 1000 people had caries,and the caries rate was 57.30%.There was significant difference in caries prevalence rate among children of different genders and ages(P<0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that caries in decidary tooth of 3~5 years old children in Qixia District of Nanjing were related to sugar intake frequency,caregiver education,per capita monthly income of family,use of fluorinated toothpaste,eating before bed,brushing with adult help,brushing times per day,age at the beginning of brushing,and oral examination in recent six months(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age>4 years,sugar intake frequency≥2 times/d,eating before bed,per capita monthly income of family<2000 yuan,and caregiver education with junior high school and below were the risk factors for deciduous tooth caries in 3 to 5 years old children in Qixia District,Nanjing.The protective factors of deciduous tooth caries in 3~5 years old children in Qixia district were age at the beginning of brushing≤2 years,brushing times per day≥2 times and use of fluorinated toothpaste(P<0.05).Conclusion:In Qixia district,Nanjing city,the caries prevalence rate of decidual tooth in 3~5 years old children is high,which is affected by age,sugar intake frequency,eating before bed and other factors.Oral health education and caries prevention and control should be strengthened according to relevant factors.