常用大鼠发热模型研究

目的探讨干酵母、2,4-二硝基酚、脂多糖（LPS）、细菌内毒素引起SD大鼠实验性发热的过程和特点,比较不同浓度外致热原对大鼠发热过程的影响。方法建立大鼠干酵母（2 g/kg、1 g/kg）、2,4-二硝基酚（30mg/kg、15 mg/kg）、LPS（100μg/kg、20μg/kg）、细菌内毒素（120 EU/kg、60 EU/kg）发热模型,记录不同时间点大鼠升温值,绘制各模型平均升温曲线,比较不同大鼠发热模型的发热特点。结果皮下注射干酵母混悬液,注射后2～3 h开始升温,6～7 h达峰值,升温持续20 h;皮下注射2,4-二硝基酚溶液,注射后20 min开始升温,1～1.5 h达峰值,升温持续3～5 h;腹腔注射LPS、细菌内毒素,注射后30 min开始升温,此后升温曲线表现为双相热或三相热,升温持续5～8 h。结论不同外致热原所致SD大鼠发热的过程和特点不同;外致热原浓度不同,所致大鼠发热过程和特点不同。解热试验中,应根据受试药物本身特点选用合适的大鼠发热模型。

Fever Process and Characteristics in Commonly Used Rat Fever Models

Objective To explore the process and characteristics of fever induced by dry yeast,2,4-dinitrophenol,lipopolysaccharide（LPS）,and bacterial endotoxin（standard substance） in SD rats,and to compare the influence of different concentrations of exogenous pyrogens on the fever process.Methods To establish rat fever models induced by dry yeast（2 g/kg,1 g/kg）,and 2,4-dinitrophenol（30 mg/kg,15 mg/kg）,LPS（100 μg/kg,20 μg/kg）,and bacterial endotoxin（120 EU/kg,60 EU/kg）,record the fever values at different time points,draw the average fever curves,and compare their fever characteristics.Results In the febrile rats induced by subcutaneous injection of dry yeast suspension,temperature began to rise after 2-3 h,reached to the peak value after 6-7 h,and lasted for 20 h.In the fibrile rats induced by subcutaneous injection of 2,4-dinitrophenol solution,the temperature began to rise after 20 min,reached to the peak value after 1-1.5 h,and lasted for 3-5 h.In the febrile rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS or bacterial endotoxin（standard substance）,temperature began to rise after 30 min,then the fever curves were biphasic or triphasic,and lasted for 5 h to 8 h.Conclusions Different exogenous pyrogens at different concentrations cause different fever process and characteristics in SD rats.In antipyretic experiments,suitable fever models should be appropriately selected based on the nasture of the tested drug and according to the types of fever process and characteristics of the used animal models.