| 胚乳中淀粉的合成 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘德瑞,蔡秀玲.胚乳中淀粉的合成[J].植物生理学通讯,2011(11):1053-1063. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘德瑞 蔡秀玲 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所植物分子遗传国家重点实验室,上海200032 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家基金委面上项目（31071377）和农业部转基因专项（2011ZX08009-003）. |
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| 摘 要： | 禾本科植物胚乳内所含有的淀粉根据其结构、组成可以分为两类：直链淀粉（由α-1，4糖苷键连接的多聚D-葡萄糖）和支链淀粉（在以α-1，4糖苷键连接的主链上通过形成α-1，6糖苷键引入支链的多聚D-葡萄糖）。前者是以一种线性无序状态存在，而支链淀粉则是构成淀粉半晶体结构的主要成分。其中，除了负责合成作为糖基直接供体的ADP—Glc的酶AGPase外，直链淀粉中链的延伸反应由GBSSI完成，而支链淀粉的合成则相对复杂，需要SS、SBE、DBE、SP等一些酶的协同调控来共同完成。本文综述了胚乳中淀粉合成过程中所涉及的一些关键酶的研究进展，并对此研究领域进行了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 直链淀粉 支链淀粉 胚乳 酶蛋白复合体 |
Starch Synthesis in Endosperm |
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| LIU De-Rui,CAI Xiu-Ling.Starch Synthesis in Endosperm[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2011(11):1053-1063. |
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| Authors: | LIU De-Rui CAI Xiu-Ling |
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| Institution: | 1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; 2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China) |
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| Abstract: | Starch is made up of amylose （linear α-1,4 polyglucans） and amylopectin （polyglucans linked together mainly by α-1,4 linkages but with 5%-6% of （α-1,6） bonds at the branch points）. Amylose exists as a linear and random form but amylopectin is the main component of starch semi-crystal structure. Except for AG- Pase which charges for the synthesis of ADP-Glc （the glucose direct donor）, the synthesis of amylose is under GBSSI＇s control. But for amylopectin synthesis, more enzymes are involved in, such as SS, SBE, DBE, SP etc. In this paper, we reviewed the research development on enzymes involved in starch synthesis pathway, and what＇s more, we give our view on the research prospect in this field. |
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| Keywords: | amylose amylopectin endosperm enzyme complex |
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