全域旅游发展背景下旅游用地概念及分类——社会生态系统视角

随着全域旅游的实施,旅游用地的内涵和外延在不断拓展,旅游用地的综合性、复合性、多效益性以及空间分布的叠加性日益增强。传统的旅游用地概念内涵不清,分类支离破碎,过分强调功能,缺乏系统时空结构的阐述,导致旅游用地规划难以与其他规划相协调,资源可持续利用和区域整合发展受阻,旅游用地概念和分类面临严峻挑战。在分析旅游用地概念及分类现状,探讨存在的弊端和问题的基础上,基于旅游用地社会生态系统时空结构分析对全域旅游背景下旅游用地进行了概念界定和分类。设旅游用地为一级类,下设资源系统用地、用户系统用地、基底系统用地、相互联系用地4个二级类,资源管理用地等20个三级类用地和地文景观用地等53个四级类。并对全域旅游背景下旅游用地的概念及分类进行了讨论,认为:社会生态系统理念涵盖了全域旅游的全部内涵,重视系统的层级、结构、功能、演进和相互联系,利于构建不同时空阶段的旅游用地类型的用地结构标准,促进旅游用地的规范化、分类化管理,旅游用地的时序化和动态化预测和引导;重视生态功能和社会效益,有利于旅游用地生态环境质量和综合效益的提升;涵盖核心景区及外围要素,有利于解决景区与社区的矛盾,促进全域旅游的开展和区域可持续发展;强调旅游用地的复合性、综合性,有利于旅游规划与其他规划的融合。

The concept and classification of tourism land from a social ecological system perspective

With the implementation of holistic tourism, the connotations and extension of tourism land are constantly expanding. The comprehensiveness, complexity, multi-profitability, and superposition of the spatial distribution of tourism land are continuously increasing, and the traditional concept and classification of the land used for tourism faces severe challenges. This study:1) Analyzed the current concepts and classifications of tourist land and discussed their disadvantages:The concept of tourism land is unclear, and its classification is fragmented and places too much emphasis on function; a space-time structure for the system is lacking. It is difficult to coordinate tourism land planning with other planning, and the sustainable utilization of resources and regional integration are impeded.2) Analyzed the spatial and temporal structured of the social ecosystem of tourism land, and studied the concept and classification of tourist land. Based on the concept of the social ecosystem, the concept and classification of tourism land in the context of holistic tourism are defined and classified. Tourism land was defined as a first-level land use type, under which land resources systems, the land for the user''s system, basal correlation, and related land etc. four second-level land use types are defined. And land resource management strategies etc. third-level land use types and physiographic landscapes etc. 53 level four classes, are given. 3) Finally, the study discusses the concept and classification of to urism land in the context of regional tourism. It is accepted that the concept and classification of tourism land from a social ecosystem perspective attaches great importance to system level, structure, function, evolution, and interconnectivity, and is conductive to the construction of different space-time stages of tourism land use types and land use structures. This promotes the standardization, classification, management, temporal and dynamic prediction, and guidance of tourism land. The results of the study encompass ecological functions and social benefits of tourism land, and could facilitate improving the quality and comprehensive benefits of tourism land. The study covers core scenic spots as well as peripheral elements and could thus contribute to solving the contradiction between the use of scenic spots and communities, promoting the development of regional tourism and regional sustainable development.