陇中黄土丘陵区土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉时空关系研究——以安定区为例

基于土地利用和社会统计数据,构建了"土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉"多尺度分析框架,从县区和乡镇尺度探讨了定西市安定区1990—2015年土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉的时空权衡/协同关系。结果表明:1990—2015年安定区土地利用强度-生态系统服务-人类福祉关系变化存在区域整体相似性和乡镇局部差异性;土地利用强度的增加,提高了供给服务和生产资料供给福祉,但弱化了调节和支持服务;供给与支持服务权衡主要集中于安定区北部和西南部。该区生态系统服务间的权衡程度较高,不利于生态系统服务保育和居民福祉的持续提升。区域的脱贫致富因立足于提高居民福祉,退耕还林还草、发展特色高效产业、劳务输出等是实现该区社会生态系统的经济收益与生态效益共赢的有效途径。

Spatial and temporal relations among land-use intensity, ecosystem services, and human well-being in the Longzhong Loess Hilly Region: A case study of the Anding District, Gansu Province

Research on the relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being in the context of land use change is highlighted in social-ecological systems. Anding District is a fragile ecozone with extreme soil and water loss, and an ecologically poor area in the Loess Hilly region. Increasing human activities have weakened the ecological benefits during past few decades, thereby hindering the orderly improvement in human well-being. Hence, in this study, based on correlation and bivariate local spatial autocorrelation methods, the spatial and temporal trade-offs and synergies among land use intensity, ecosystem services, and human well-being in the Anding District were investigated at the county and township scales in 1990-2015, to formulate strategies for ecological management and well-being improvement according to local conditions. The results showed that (1) at the county scale, the trade-offs/synergies between land-use intensity, ecosystem services, and human well-being were similar. With increased land use intensity, the proportion of provisioning services continuously increased, proportion of supporting and regulating services decreased as a whole, and many aspects of human well-being improved; (2) at the township scale, the decrease in land-use intensity in Bailu and increase in the regulating service ratio in Gaofeng reflected the differences; (3) the increased land-use intensity enhanced the trade-off relationship between provisioning and supporting services to a certain extent, and the competition of ecosystem provisioning and supporting services mainly concentrated in northern and southwestern Anding; (4) the tradeoff degree of ecosystem services was higher, which is not in favor of the improvement of ecosystem services and human well-being; regional poverty alleviation should be based on the improvement of human well-being, and a win-win situation and sustainable development of economic and ecological benefits of the social ecosystem must be attained. Returning farmland to forest, developing characteristic industries, and exporting labor are the main ways to solve the ecological and economic poverty in the Anding District.