工业园区循环经济关联与生态效率评价——以福建省蛟洋循环经济示范园区为例

工业园区因物质能量的高度集聚,生产-消费过程的网络关联,以及区域示范带动效应,在循环经济发展中受到持续关注。本研究以福建省蛟洋循环经济示范园区为例,应用物质流、生态网络和生态效率等测度分析方法,综合评估了2012—2016年间园区循环经济的网络关联和生态效率。研究结果表明:(1)园区物质流结构单一,关联度和稳定度明显较弱;(2)园区网络的韧性不足,关键节点的级联效应显著,尤其对中下游企业的影响程度大;(3)生态效率指数分析发现,园区关键节点企业在循环经济效益方面带动能力不足,影响园区循环经济的前景。为此,从园区网络关联稳定度和企业生态经济效率优化提升的角度,探讨园区未来的循环经济发展策略。可为处于起步阶段的专一化工业园区探索可行的循环经济模式提供借鉴。

Evaluating the network nexus and efficiency of circular economy: A case study of Jiaoyang eco-industrial park

Circular economy has been recognized as an effective practice of global sustainable development. Eco-industrial park (EIP), as an ideal model for circular economy, attracts increasing concern for its dynamic flow of energy and material, and network nexus of the production-consumption process. Using the circular economy chain of Jiaoyang EIP as an example, combining the methods of material flow, ecological network, and eco-efficiency analysis, this study attempted to determine the network nexus and eco-efficiency of the EIP during 2012-2016. A circular economy chain of the EIP, i.e., the upstream-midstream-downstream chain of industries, was established by material flow analysis. Based on the circular economy chain, especially the byproduct and waste linkages, the ecological network analysis method was adopted to reveal the network nexus characteristics of the Jiaoyang EIP, consisting of the network connectivity, stability, and resilience. The network resilience analysis helped identify the critical nodes that can reflect the cascading effects. Lastly, the eco-efficiency analysis method was employed to examine the circular economy benefits and patterns of the critical node companies. The results from 2012 to 2016 show that:(1) an insufficient network connectivity and stability was supported by a single circular industrial chain in the EIP; (2) the notable cascading effects of the EIP were observed in critical nodes, especially the midstream and downstream companies, which resulted in a less flexible network in the EIP; (3) the insufficient benefits of the circular economy driven by critical node companies implied there was a long way to go toward sustainable pathways for the EIP. Hence, improving strategies of the network nexus and eco-economic synergetic development are proposed for the future circular economy. On the one hand, the awareness of protecting vulnerable companies and controlling cascading failures is emphasized in the optimized network management. On the other hand, the sustainable eco-economic modes of the EIP could be achieved by efficient resource recycling and environmental waste reduction. Our results could provide valuable implications for emerging EIPs and their circular economy exploration within or beyond China.