一株小麦赤霉病拮抗菌的筛选鉴定及防治效果分析

自小麦赤霉病发病田块土壤中,分离得到1株小麦赤霉病高效拮抗菌株。通过形态特征、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列比对分析,将这株拮抗菌株鉴定为奇异变形杆菌(proteus mirabilis)。P. mirabilis DY05发酵液和无细胞上清均可显著抑制禾谷镰刀菌菌丝体生长(抑制率分别为79.50%和51.25%)和分生孢子萌发(抑制率均为100%),减少呕吐毒素产生(分别减少84.32%和82.82%)。田间赤霉病防治试验结果显示,接种DY05,可降低发病率52.13%,同时病情指数降低48.74%,显示出较好的防治效果。促生生理活性评价试验结果显示,菌株DY05可以产生铁载体和IAA,并具有溶磷作用和ACC脱氨酶活性,具有很好的促生长潜力。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株DY05对小麦植株生长具有显著的促进作用。与对照组相比,菌株DY05处理可以显著增加小麦幼苗茎高、根长、鲜重和干重,其中茎高、根长、鲜重和干重分别提高了22.21%、26.41%、44.77%和26.53%。分离得到的拮抗菌株DY05具有拮抗病原真菌和促进植物生长的双重功能,为开发禾谷镰刀菌生物防治制剂提供了菌种材料。

Screening of antagonistic strain against Fusarium head blight and its inhibition efficiency

ZHOU Qing;SHU Xian;WANG Yuting;LI Minghao;TANG Caiguo;NI Jun;ZHAO Weiwei;HUANG Shengwei;WU Lifang(Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bioenergy Forest Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Hefei 230031, China;University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, China;The Sericultural Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei 230001, China)