我国生态环境大数据建设方案实施及其公开效果评估

生态环境大数据建设是新一代环境管理手段,也是我国建设"数据强国"的基本要求。在《生态环境大数据建设总体方案》实施2年后,针对31个省级、27个省会城市、6个大数据建设试点城市的环境保护厅/局落实生态环境大数据的建设进行调查分析,通过文献分析和资料调查,全面评估我国生态环境大数据建设的总体状况,以期为生态环境大数据建设的下一步工作提供建议。结果表明,尽管生态环境大数据建设在数据资源整合方面取得了较大进步,但在地区发展、机构建设、数据共享开放和大数据应用等方面还存在着许多问题,针对这些不足,提出了未来几年我国生态环境大数据建设的发展方向,包括扩充环境信息中心相关职能、推进大数据整合与共享、加强国际交流和提升大数据在重点领域的应用范围。

Evaluation of big data construction for eco-environment and its information disclosure by environmental agencies in China

Big data construction for eco-environment has become a creative approach in environmental management, and it is also the basic requirement for building the "data power" in China. Aiming to explore the general situation of big data construction for eco-environment by environmental agencies, this study conducted literature analyses and website interviews of environmental agencies in 31 provinces, 27 provincial capital cities, and 6 big data construction pilot cities in 2018. The results showed that although considerable progress had been made in data resource integration, there were still many problems with regional development, institution building, data sharing, and big data applications. Therefore, we proposed the following four suggestions:(1) expanding the relevant functions of environmental information center; (2) accelerating the progress of integration and sharing for big data; (3) strengthening international exchanges; (4) promoting the applications of big data in key areas.