原产地浙贝母遗传多样性分子研究

基于RAPD和ISSR分子标记,对原产地浙江宁波鄞州章水、鄞江和龙观的3个浙贝母品系(狭叶型浙贝母、宽叶型浙贝母、多籽型浙贝母)16个居群的遗传多样性及遗传结构进行研究。结果显示:(1)11个狭叶型浙贝母、3个宽叶型浙贝母和2个多籽型浙贝母居群的多态带百分率分别为24.22%、3.81%和0.69%,表明3个浙贝母品系之间,狭叶型遗传分化程度最高,遗传多样性最丰富,宽叶型其次,多籽型最低。(2)品系内的亲缘关系较品系间的亲缘关系更近,其中宽叶型与多籽型浙贝母品系间的亲缘关系较近,并推测二者可能是由原种狭叶型浙贝母选育而来。(3)16个浙贝母居群总基因多样性(Ht)为0.250 1±0.033 5,居群内基因多样性(Hs)为0.053 2±0.009 7,各居群间的遗传分化指数(Gst)为0.787 1,基因流(Nm)为0.135 3,表明浙贝母的大部分遗传分化存在于居群间,但各居群间的交流非常有限。

Molecular Characterization of Genetic Diversity of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.Varieties in Native Habitat

The genetic diversity of 16 Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.populations of three varieties (Xiaye,Kuanye and Duozi) distributed in Zhangshui,Yinjiang and Longguan,Yinzhou District and Ningbo of Zhejiang Province was investigated by RAPD and ISSR techniques.The results showed that:(1)The polymorphism percentages of 11 Xiaye varietes,3 Kuanye varieties and 2 Duozi varieties were 24.22%,3.81% and 0.69%,respectively.It indicated that the Xiaye variety had the highest genetic divergence and the richest genetic diversity,followed by the Kuanye variety,and the Duozi variety was the last.(2)The genetic relationship within the variety was closer than that between them.Kuanye and Duozi varieties showed a closer genetic relationship,and it was suggested that both of them may be selected from the original Xiaye variety.(3)The genetic diversity within 16 F.thunbergii Miq.populations revealed that Ht was 0.250 1±0.033 5,Hs was 0.053 2±0.009 7,G_{st was 0.787 1 and Nm was 0.135 3.The result showed that the main genetic divergence of F.thunbergii Miq.existed within the populations and the gene flow between populations was very low.}