Hybridization and Stratification of Nuclear Genetic Variation in Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis |
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Authors: | Sree Kanthaswamy Jessica Satkoski Debra George Alexander Kou Bethany Joy-Alise Erickson David Glenn Smith |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Anthropology, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;(2) California National Primate Research Center, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA |
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Abstract: | We used genotypes for 13 short tandem repeats (STRs) to assess the genetic diversity within and differentiation among populations
of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from mainland Asia and long-tailed macaques (M. fascicularis) from mainland and insular Southeast Asia. The subjects were either recently captured in the wild or derived from wild-caught
founders maintained in captivity for biomedical research. A large number of alleles are shared between the 2 macaque species
but a significant genetic division between them persists. The distinction is more clear-cut among populations that are not,
or are unlikely to have recently been, geographically contiguous. Our results suggest there has been significant interspecific
nuclear gene flow between rhesus macaques and long-tailed macaques on the mainland. Comparisons of mainland and island populations
of long-tailed macaques reflect marked genetic subdivisions due to barriers to migration. Geographic isolation has restricted
gene flow, allowing island populations to become subdivided and genetically differentiated. Indonesian long-tailed macaques
show evidence of long-term separation and genetic isolation from the mainland populations, whereas long-tailed macaques from
the Philippines and Mauritius both display evidence of founder effects and subsequent isolation, with the impact from genetic
drift being more profound in the latter. |
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Keywords: | gene flow genetic structure hybridization introgression microsatellites |
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