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Reduction of peak viremia by an integration-defective SIV proviral DNA vaccine in rhesus macaques |
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| Authors: | Chu Wang Nan Gao Yanan Song Sizhu Duan Wei Wang Zhe Cong Chuan Qin Chunlai Jiang Xianghui Yu Feng Gao |
| Institution: | 1. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
The First Hospital and Institute of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China Chu Wang and Nan Gao are co-first authors.;2. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China Chu Wang and Nan Gao are co-first authors.;3. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China;4. Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China;5. National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China |
| Abstract: | An integrase-defective SIV (idSIV) vaccine delivered by a DNA prime and viral particle boost approach can suppress viral loads (VLs) during the acute infection stage after intravenous SIVmac239 challenge. This study investigated how idSIV DNA and viral particle immunization alone contributed to the suppression of VLs in Chinese rhesus macaques after SIV challenge. Two macaques were immunized with idSIV DNA five times and two macaques were immunized with idSIV viral particles three times. Cellular and humoral immune responses were measured in the vaccinated macaques after immunization. The VLs and CD4+ T cell counts were monitored for 28 weeks after the intravenous SIVmac239 challenge. The SIV-specific T cell responses were only detected in the DNA-vaccinated macaques. However, binding and neutralizing antibodies against autologous and heterologous viruses were moderately better in macaques immunized with viral particles than in macaques immunized with DNA. After the challenge, the mean peak viremia in the DNA group was 2.3 logs lower than that in the control group, while they were similar between the viral particle immunization and control groups. Similar CD4+ T cell counts were observed among all groups. These results suggest that idSIV DNA immunization alone reduces VLs during acute infection after SIV challenge in macaques and may serve as a key component in combination with other immunogens as prophylactic vaccines. |
| Keywords: | challenge DNA integration defection SIV vaccine viral particle |