酿酒酵母Cdk1抑制蛋白的研究进展

细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶1(cyclin-dependent kinase 1,Cdk1)是真核生物细胞周期调控的核心,也是维持基因组稳定性的重要激酶,其活性受到严格调控.CDK抑制蛋白(cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor,CKI)是调节其活性的一类关键负调控因子,CKI功能失活导致细胞不受控制地增殖,促进癌症的发生发展.酿酒酵母作为细胞周期研究的重要模式生物,在揭示CDK活性调控机制中发挥着重要作用.酿酒酵母中已发现的Cdk1抑制蛋白CKI包括Far1、Sic1以及最近鉴定的Cip1蛋白.这三个CKI蛋白在不同细胞时期中,通过抑制Cdk1活性调控细胞周期的进程.此外,CKI还在应对环境胁迫,保持基因组稳定性中发挥重要作用.本文对酿酒酵母Cdk1抑制蛋白CKI的研究进展,尤其是CKI在细胞周期运转及胁迫应答中的作用做出综述,以期为细胞周期及癌症的基础研究提供模式依据.

The Progress of Cell Cycle Cdk1 Inhibitors in Budding Yeast

Cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1 is the master regulator on eukaryotic cell cycle control and crucial for prevention of genomic instability. Given its essential function in cell cycle progression, Cdk1 is tightly regulated. Among others, CDK inhibitors (CKIs) are important negative factors for CDK activity regulation, lack of which leads to uncontrolled cell division and promotes tumorigenesis. The model eukaryotic organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, budding yeast, in many respects is an ideal organism for eukaryotic CDK regulation research. In budding yeast three Cdk1 inhibitors are known: Far1, Sic1 and recently identified Cip1. Apart from inhibiting Cdk1 activity during cell cycle progression, CKIs also play crucial roles to maintain genomic stability in response to environmental stresses. This paper reviewed the researches on Cdk1 inhibitors, especially their functions on cell cycle progression and stress responses, to provide a model basis for cell cycle and cancer fundamental research.