A model for the estimation of convective exchange in the littoral region of a shallow lake during cooling |
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| Authors: | H G Stefan G M Horsch J W Barko |
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| Institution: | (1) St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory, Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Minnesota, Mississippi River at Third Avenue S. E., 55414 Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A.;(2) Environmental Laboratory, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 39180 Vicksburg, MS, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | Cooling of lakes through the water surface produces horizontal convective exchange flow between the littoral and the open waters. A mixed-cells-in-series model is developed which, using as input the evolution in time of vertical temperature profiles measured along the littoral slope, provides an estimate of the horizontal exchange flow rates. Application of the model to field data shows that the exchange flow can cause rapid renewal of the littoral waters. Thermally induced water exchange between littoral and pelagic regions transports dissolved constituents, e.g. nutrients, thereby affecting water quality in lacustrine systems. |
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| Keywords: | cooling convective currents exchange-flows littoral regions lake water quality nutrient transport |
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