Callistoe vincei, a new Proborhyaenidae (Borhyaenoidea, Metatheria, Mammalia) from the Early Eocene of Argentina |
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Authors: | Marí a Judith Babot,Jaime E Powell,Christian de Muizon |
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Affiliation: | a Facultad de ciencias naturales, cátedra de paleozoología II, Miguel Lillo 205, CP 4000, Tucumán, Argentinab Consejo nacional de investigaciones científicas y tecnológicas, Argentinac UMR 8569 CNRS, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, laboratoire de Paléontologie, 8, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France |
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Abstract: | Callistoe vincei nov. gen., nov. sp. is a new South American carnivorous marsupial (Proborhyaenidae, Borhyaenoidea) from Salta Province (Argentina). It is preliminarily described and its phylogenetic relationships with other borhyaenoids are analyzed. The holotype is a complete skull with almost complete postcranial skeleton (missing the pelvis and the tail). It is from the Lumbrera Formation (Early Eocene of northwestern Argentina). It represents the most complete proborhyaenid specimen ever discovered and one of the best-preserved borhyaenoid. In the present paper we analyze the major cranial and dental features, the essential elements to compare C. vincei to Arminiheringia auceta, a Casamayoran proborhyaenid of Patagonia. C. vincei is smaller, much more gracile; its skull is narrower; its lower canines are not procumbent; the metacrista of M3 is U-shaped; the postmetacrista of M4 is present and the mandibular symphysis is shorter. This new material allows reconsideration of some dental traits proposed to diagnose the Proborhyaenidae such as the number of incisors and the open-rooted canines. |
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Keywords: | Metatheria Borhyaenoidea Carnivorous marsupials Ever-growing canines Casamayoran Early Eocene Lumbrera Formation Argentina |
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