限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预对肥胖儿童身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群的影响

摘要 目的：观察限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预对肥胖儿童身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群的影响。方法：选取2020年4月至2022年10月期间浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院收治的肥胖儿童104例作为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将肥胖儿童分为对照组（n=52，限制能量平衡膳食）和观察组（n=52，限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预）。对比两组身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群变化情况。结果：观察组干预2个月后体重、体质量指数（BMI）、去脂体重、脂肪量、体脂率低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组干预2个月后总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）低于对照组；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组干预2个月后肠球菌、大肠杆菌低于对照组；乳杆菌、双歧杆菌高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预可有效改善肥胖儿童身体成分，调节脂质代谢及肠道菌群平衡。

Effects of Limit Energy Balance Diet Combined with Exercise Intervention on Body Composition, Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Flora in Obese Children

ABSTRACT Objective: To observe the effects of limit energy balance diet combined with exercise intervention on body composition, lipid metabolism and intestinal flora in obese children. Methods: 104 obese children who were admitted to the Children''s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine from April 2020 to October 2022 were selected as study subjects. Obese children were divided into control group (n=52, limit energy balance diet) and observation group (n=52, limit energy balance diet combined with exercise intervention) according to the random number table method. The changes of body composition, lipid metabolism and intestinal flora were compared between two groups. Results: 2 months after intervention, the body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat-free weight, fat mass and body fat rate in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in observation group were lower than those in control group 2 months after intervention. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). 2 months after intervention, enterococcus and escherichia coli in observation group were lower than those in control group. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were higher than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Limit energy balance diet combine with exercise intervention can effectively improve the body composition of obese children, regulate lipid metabolism and intestinal flora balance.