食用菌菌种现状及退化防控措施

随着食用菌产业迅速发展，菌种在食用菌生产中的重要地位凸显。食用菌菌种质量的优劣是影响食用菌产量和品质的重要因素之一，使用劣质菌种会存在食品安全隐患，也会给食用菌生产企业带来不必要的经济损失。菌种质量参差不齐、标准缺失或难以与国际对接，严重制约着食用菌产业的持续健康发展。本文从食用菌产业现状、食用菌菌种现状及存在问题、食用菌菌种退化因素及防控、食用菌菌种质量评价等方面进行了详细论述，从多个维度分析了菌种退化原因，总结了应对菌种退化的防控措施，从本质上解决菌种退化问题，以期为食用菌规模化生产及产业发展规划提供参考。

Status Quo of Strain Seeds of Edible Fungi and Measurement to Prevent and Control Their Degeneration

With rapid development of edible fungal industry, the important position of train seeds has been highlighted. The good and bad quality of strain seeds of edible fungi is the important factor that affects the yield and quality of edible fungi, the usage of inferior strain seeds will cause the safety of hidden trouble of foods, also will cause needless economic loss of edible fungi producing enterprise. The uneven quality of edible fungal strains seeds, the deletion of standard or difficult be butted on international community will seriously constrain the continuance and healthy development of the industry of edible fungi. The status quo of the industry of edible fungi, the status quo and the existing problems of strain seeds of edible fungi, the degeneration factors, prevention and control of strain seeds, the evaluation of the quality of edible fungi strain seeds and many other aspects were explicated in detail in this paper. The reason of the degeneration of strain seeds was analyzed from various dimensions, the measurements to respond the prevention and control the degeneration of strain seeds were summarized, and to solve the chemistry of the problems of the degeneration of strain seeds, so as to provide references for large scale production of edible fungi as well as their industrial development scheme.