濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶的SCoT遗传多样性分析

利用筛选到的24条SCoT引物,分析秦岭石蝴蝶人工繁育和野生种群60份材料的遗传多样性和遗传结构,为秦岭石蝴蝶的濒危机制和制定种群保护与修复策略提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)60份秦岭石蝴蝶供试样品的观察等位基因数平均为1.51,有效等位基因数平均为1.31,Nei's基因多样性平均为0.2305,Shannon指数平均为0.3703,表明供试材料种群的遗传多样性较低。(2)种群间的遗传距离与遗传相似系数分析结果表明,3个种群60份供试材料间的遗传相似系数为0.9551~0.9705,平均相似系数0.9634,进一步表明供试材料之间的遗传相似性极高,遗传背景较为狭窄。(3)秦岭石蝴蝶种群分子方差分析结果显示15%的变异来自于种群间,而85%的变异来自于种群内部。综合分析表明,秦岭石蝴蝶各种群内和种群之间的遗传多样性较低,遗传背景狭窄,这可能是秦岭石蝴蝶适应环境能力差,从而导致其濒危的重要原因之一。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Endangered Plant Petrocosmea qinlingensis Based on SCoT

The genetic diversity and genetic structure of Petrocosmea qinlingensis artificial breeding population and wild population were analyzed with 24 SCoT primers,This study is of scientific significance to analyze the endangered mechanism of the P.qinlingensis and to formulate population protection and restoration strategies.The results showed that:(1)the average of observed number of alleles,effective number of alleles,Nei's gene diversity and Shannon information index of 60 P.qinlingensis test samples were 1.51,1.31,0.2305 and 0.3703,respectively.This indicates that the genetic diversity of the test material population was low.(2)The analysis results of genetic distance and similarity coefficient among populations showed that the genetic similarity coefficient between 60 test materials of the three populations was 0.9551 to 0.9705,and the average similarity coefficient was 0.9634,which further explained that the genetic similarity among populations was extremely high.Therefore,the genetic background was narrow.(3)The results of molecular variance analysis of P.qinlingensis population showed that 15%of the variation was from among populations,and 85%of the variation was from within population.The comprehensive analysis showed that the genetic diversity of the P.qinlingensis was low in various groups and between populations,and the genetic background was narrow.This may also be one of the important reasons for its poor ability to adapt to the environment,leading to its endangerment.