农作物抗除草剂遗传工程研究进展

控制杂草提高农作物产量是农业生产中共同面临的问题，发展抗除草剂农作物将是最经济最方便控制杂草的技术。由于对除草剂的作用模式和除草剂代谢途径的了解，弄清了除草剂的关键靶酶及其基因，因此分离除草剂靶酶基因，克隆能解毒除草剂的酶基因，通过转化技术可获得抗除草剂农作物，大量的抗除草剂转基因农作物大田试验表明，将最有希望在２０００年进入市场。

Progress on Genetically Engineering Herbicide resistance into Crops

The weeds compete with crops for water, nutrients and light. In addition, the presence of weeds and their seeds in the final crop product significantly reduce the quality of the crop. It is very important to use herbicides to control weeds growth. Based on understanding the action model and the metabolic pathway of herbicides, there were two strategies for engineering herbicide resistance: altering the level and the sensitivity of target enzyme for herbicide and introducing a gene encoding an enzyme that detoxifies the herbicide. In recent ten years, engineering herbicide resistance into crops has progressed at a rapid and remarkable pace. Transgenic plants resistant to herbicide have been produced in all major crop species. In the future, herbicide resistant crops will lead to a more cost effective weed control.