Seasonal changes in parasite load and a cellular immune response in a colour polymorphic lizard |
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Authors: | Katleen Huyghe Annette Van Oystaeyen Frank Pasmans Zoran Tadi? Bieke Vanhooydonck Raoul Van Damme |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain 2. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium 3. Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium 4. Department of Animal Physiology, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Abstract: | Permanent colour polymorphisms may be maintained by complex interactions between physiological traits (e.g. immunity) and
environmental pressures. In this study we investigate morph specific variation in parasite load and cellular immune response
(induced by a Phytohaemagglutinin, PHA injection) in a colour polymorphic population of the Dalmatian wall lizard (Podarcis melisellensis), where adult males have bright white, yellow or orange throats and ventral sides. Orange males have larger heads and can
bite harder than the others. To examine seasonal effects, analyses were performed at an early and late stage in the reproductive
season (May and September). Infection with mites and ticks did not differ among morphs, but was more severe at the end of
the reproductive season. Fewer orange individuals were infected with haemogregarines at the end of the season, but white males
were always more infected (higher number of haemogregarines in their blood) than other morphs. White and yellow males showed
an increased PHA response towards the end of the season, but PHA response decreased in the orange morph. Finally, across all
morphs, a relationship was found between ectoparasite load and PHA response. Our study provides indications of alternative
life-history strategies among colour morphs and evidence for an up-regulation of the immune function at the end of the reproductive
season. |
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