Diversity and function of fungi associated with the fungivorous millipede,Brachycybe lecontii |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA;2. Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA;3. Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA;4. Amycel Spawnmate, Royal Oaks, CA, 95067, USA;5. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA;6. Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA;7. Department of Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA, 24450, USA |
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| Abstract: | Fungivorous millipedes (subterclass Colobognatha) likely represent some of the earliest known mycophagous terrestrial arthropods, yet their fungal associates remain elusive. Here we describe relationships between fungi and the fungivorous millipede, Brachycybe lecontii. Their fungal community is surprisingly diverse, including 176 genera, 39 orders, four phyla, and several undescribed species. Of particular interest are twelve genera conserved across wood substrates and millipede clades that comprise the core fungal community of B. lecontii. Wood decay fungi, long speculated to serve as the primary food source for Brachycybe species, were absent from this core assemblage and proved lethal to millipedes in pathogenicity assays while entomopathogenic Hypocreales were more common in the core but had little effect on millipede health. This study represents the first survey of fungal communities associated with any colobognath millipede, and these results offer a glimpse into the complexity of millipede fungal communities. |
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| Keywords: | Diplopoda Colobognatha Millipede Mycophagy |
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