Stability of behavioral syndromes but plasticity in individual behavior: consequences for rockfish stock enhancement |
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Authors: | Jonathan S F Lee Barry A Bereijikian |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;(2) Present address: Manchester Research Station, Resource Enhancement and Utilization Technologies Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, P.O. Box 130, Port Orchard, WA 98353, USA |
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Abstract: | This study investigated behavioral syndromes, which are defined as correlations between behaviors. Behavioral syndromes can
lead to the unintentional alteration of a wide range of behavioral traits of hatchery fish if unintentional selection on one
behavior leads to selection on a correlated behavior. Specifically, this study used brown rockfish, Sebastes auriculatus, to test the hypothesis that a fish that feeds at high rates in the absence of a predator also takes more risks when a predator
is present, and that through such a correlation, unintentional hatchery selection for high feeding rates may also lead to
changes in risk taking behavior (here defined as behavior that increases predation risk). Behavioral syndromes were found—feeding
behavior in the absence of a predator tended to correlate positively with both feeding behavior in the presence of a predator
model and time near the model. These syndromes were stable through time—that is, the same correlations appeared 10 days later
when the behavioral assays were repeated. However individual behavior was inconsistent (plastic). A fish could both feed and
take risks at high rates on Day 1, but then both feed and take risks at low rates on Day 10. Thus, while behavioral syndromes
were stable (i.e. present in both rounds 1 and 2), individuals were plastic in their behavior (i.e. inconsistent between rounds
1 and 2). After 16 weeks of hatchery rearing, neither growth nor survival were predicted by behavior. It is suggested that
the behavioral plasticity within individuals through time makes consistent selection for strong feeders less likely, and that
species with more plastic behavior may be less susceptible to unintentional selection on behavioral syndromes than species
with behavior that is more fixed. |
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Keywords: | Hatchery Unintentional selection Behavioral syndrome Sebastes auriculatus |
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