Effect of delayed harvest on contamination of pearl millet grain with mycotoxin-producing fungi and mycotoxins |
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| Authors: | J P Wilson H H Casper D M Wilson |
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| Institution: | (1) USDA-ARS Forage and Turf Research Unit, University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, 31793 Tifton, GA, USA;(2) Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA;(3) Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, USA Tifton, Georgia |
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| Abstract: | The response to delayed harvest of fungal and mycotoxin contamination of grain of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 was examined in 1992 and 1993. Samples of grain were assayed from seven plantings at locations near Tifton, Georgia, USA. Grain was harvested at 30, 40, and 50 days after anthesis and evaluated for infection byFusarium species andAspergillus flavus, and mycotoxin contamination. Mean isolation frequencies ofF. semitectum (35.6%) andF. chlamydosporum (17.2%) increased linearly with delayed harvest.Fusarium moniliforme andF. equisiti were infrequently isolated (<0.5%) and did not increase in the grain when harvest was delayed. Low mean concentrations of zearalenone (0.17 ppm), nivalenol (0.42 ppm), and deoxynivalenol (0.01 ppm) were detected but were not affected by delayed harvest. Isolation frequencies ofF. chlamydosporum andF. equiseti were correlated (P=0.07) with levels of nivalenol.Aspergillus flavus was not isolated from the grain, and aflatoxin concentrations averaged 1.9 ppb. |
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| Keywords: | Pennisetum glaucum |
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