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Chemical speciation and risks of heavy metals in sediment of urban wetlands in southeastern China
Authors:Jinmeng Xia  Feng Zheng  Hua Tang  Yubao Li
Affiliation:1. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China;2. Luqiao Sewage Treatment Co., Ltd, Taizhou, China;3. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China;4. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China;5. Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment between Wenzhou University (China) and University of Northern British Columbia (Canada)
Abstract:Dredging, remediation, and other management of sediment in polluted urban wetlands require the information of environmental risks associated with heavy metals (HMs). In this study, sediment samples collected from three typical wetlands in the urban area of Wenzhou City, China, were analyzed to evaluate their risks posed by five HMs. Sediments from an industrial area stored higher Cr and Cu but lower Cd and Pb than those from the residential and agricultural areas. The assessment by the pollution load index method indicated that all of the three study wetlands were polluted. An ecological risk index approach identified low risk for wetlands in forested and residential areas but high risk for wetlands in an industrial area as well as in mixed residential and agricultural area, which was also confirmed by the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) method. Furthermore, the ratio of the secondary phase and primary phase and risk assessment code methods recognized that Cd poses a high pollution risk. The results indicated that sediment pollution by HMs in urban wetlands is possibly a widespread problem in China and needs great attention.
Keywords:Heavy metals  urban sediment  ecological risk index  geo-accumulation index  risk assessment code
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