Seasonal variation in lipid and fatty acid composition of ice algae from the Barents Sea |
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Authors: | R J Henderson E N Hegseth M T Park |
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Institution: | N.E.R.C. Unit of Aquatic Biochemistry, Department of Biological and Molecular Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland e-mail: rjh4@stir.ac.uk; fax: (44) 1786 464994, GB Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Troms?, N-9037 Troms?, Norway, NO
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Abstract: | The fatty acid compositions of neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid fractions from ice algae sampled from the Barents
Sea in spring and autumn were examined for seasonal differences. The ice-algal assemblages were dominated by diatoms. In spring,
Nitzschia frigida was the most common species whereas resting stages of Thalassiosira bioculata and Actinocyclus cf curvatulus predominated in autumn. With the exception of one spring sample, neutral lipids predominated over glycolipids and phospholipids
in all algal samples. The lipid fractions displayed characteristic fatty acid compositions. In the spring samples the major
fatty acids of the neutral lipid fraction were 16:0, 16:1(n-7) and 20:5(n-3) whilst the glycolipid fraction was characterised
by higher levels of 20:5(n-3) and C16 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly 16:4(n-1). Phospholipids contained higher
levels of 22:6(n-3) than the other two lipid fractions although 20:5(n-3) was still the major polyunsaturated fatty acid.
In the autumn samples, the neutral lipid fraction contained higher proportions of saturated fatty acids and 16:1(n-7) than
the two polar lipid fractions and 22:6(n-3) was most abundant in phospholipids. As with the spring samples, 20:5(n-3) was
the major polyunsaturated fatty acid in all lipid fractions of the autumn algae. Overall, the fatty acid compositions of the
lipid fractions from spring and autumn algal samples were similar and are consistent with diatoms being the predominant group
in the ice algae studied. The high level of neutral lipids observed in both spring and autumn samples suggests that the production
of neutral lipids is characteristic of ice algae regardless of season. Nevertheless, some species-specific differences in
lipid production may exist since the neutral lipid content of autumn samples containing mainly A. curvatulus was substantially higher than those in which T. bioculata predominated.
Received: 26 September 1997 / Accepted: 12 January 1998 |
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