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Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and conventional X-ray in 3 cases of symmelia
Authors:Dorenbeck Ulrich  Schreyer Andreas G  Plendl Philipp J  Hees Herbert  Feuerbach Stefan  Held Paul
Affiliation:Department of Diagnostic Radiology University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. ulrich.dorenbeck@uniklinik-saarland.de
Abstract:BACKGROUND: Symmelia is a rare birth defect, often combined with severe malformations of the urogenital system and the lower gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, a deformed pelvis and various degrees of separation of the lower limbs are present. CASES: We report the examination findings of 3 autopsy specimens of symmelia using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, and conventional X-ray. CONCLUSIONS: MRI and CT with the addition of 3D visualization can be used additionally with autopsy and conventional X-ray images in the investigation of such complex anatomical abnormalities.
Keywords:congenital anomaly  sirenomelia  caudal regression syndrome  magnetic resonance imaging  computed tomography  3‐dimensional (3D) imaging
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