新疆14种青兰属植物叶表皮微形态结构研究

应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜,对新疆14种青兰属(DracocephalumL.)植物叶片的微形态特征进行观察,结果表明:该属植物只有宽齿青兰(Dracocephalum paulsenii Briq.)叶的下表皮细胞为多边形,其余种植物叶的上、下表皮均为不规则形;垂周壁式样有深波状、波状、浅波状、平直-弓形;气孔器均为横列型;气孔形状有椭圆形、长椭圆形、宽椭圆形、近圆形;表皮毛的类型为小刺毛、短柔毛、长柔毛、头状腺毛和盾状腺毛。在不同种间甚至是同种植物叶的上、下表皮上,气孔器的大小、气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔外拱盖内缘、表皮毛、角质层纹饰等的微形态特征都存在很大的差异,可为探讨本属种间的分类、亲缘关系和演化趋势提供理论依据。

Leaf Epidermal Micro-morphology Structures of Fourteen Dracocephalum L.Species from Xinjiang

The leaf epidermal cell micromorphology of 14 Dracocephalum L.species from Xinjiang were investigated under light microscope(LM) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that epidermal cells of all species of Dracocephalum L.were irregular in shape except that of lower epidermal of Dracocephalum paulsenii Briq.were polygonal.The patterns of anticlinal wall were sinuate,sinuous,sinuolate or straight-arched.Stomata were diacytic in all species examined.The shapes of stomatal apparatus were long oval,oval,wide oval or nearly round.The trichomes were small bristle,short pubescence,long pubescence,peltate and capitate glandular hair.The micro-morphological characters of stomatal size,stomatal density,stomatal index,stomatal inner margin of outer rim,trichomes,and cuticular ornamentation were all obviously different among different species,even different in lower epidermal and upper epidermal in same species.The leaf epidermal morphological characters could provide evidence to identify species and study the systematic relationships and evolution of taxons of Dracocephalum L..