用RAPD分析多年生黑麦草品种间遗传多样性

多年生黑麦草是世界上应用最广泛的冷季型草坪草兼牧草之一，具有建植快速，分蘖能力强，适口性良好等特点。为了评价其品种间的遗传多样性，选取了多年生黑麦草的14个草坪型品种和2个意大利黑麦草品种用RAPD进行遗传多样性分析，并且对每个品种的几项坪用特性进行了观察。61个引物共扩增出408条带，多态条带比率(PPB)为89．95％。聚类分析结果表明，多年生黑麦草品种之间的遗传多样性较低，相似系数分布于44．55％～95．69％之间。一年生黑麦草的2个品种TopOne和A，vance没有单独聚成一类，而是与14个多年生黑麦草品种混合聚在一起，而且Avance与其他多年生黑麦草之间的相似系数较高。聚类结果与形态特征没有明确的对应关系。

Genetic Polymorphism of Ryegrass Cultivars Detected by RAPDs

Perennial ryegrass is clearly one of the most important and widely used forage and turf grasses,exhibiting rapid establishment,good tillering ability and high acceptability to livestock.The genetic relationship of 16 ryegrass cultivars,including 2 accessions annual cultivars and 14 entries perennial cultivars,from different breeding company were analyzed using 61 RAPD mar-(kers),the morphological characters were also observed.61 RAPD primers generated 408 bands,of which 367 bands (89.95%) were polymorphism;It showed that the genetic polymorphism in these cultivars was low,the coefficient among the cultivars fell between 44.55%~95.69%.Dendrogram obtained using these molecular markers is not in agreement with their separated morphologic character.High correlation was not observed between the two annual ryegrass cultivars.