Beyond malaria: The inhibition of viruses by artemisinin-type compounds |
| |
Authors: | Thomas Efferth |
| |
Institution: | Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany |
| |
Abstract: | Natural products represent valuable chemical scaffolds for drug development. A recent success story in this context was artemisinin, which is not only active against malaria but also to other diseases. This raised the interest of artemisinin's potential for drug repurposing. On the present review, we give an overview on artemisinin's antiviral activity. There is good in vitro and in vivo evidence for the activity of artemisinin and its derivatives against DNA viruses of the Herpesviridae and Hepadnaviridae families such as cytomegaloviruses, human herpesvirus 6, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus and Hepatitis B virus. The evidence is weaker for Polyomaviruses and papilloma viruses. Weaker or no inhibitory activity in vitro has been reported for RNA viruses such as human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2, hepatitis C virus, influenza virus and others. Interestingly, the artemisinin derivative artesunate did not exert cross-resistance to ganciclovir-resistant HCMV and exerted synergistic inhibition in combination with several clinically established antiviral standard drugs. The antiviral activity of first generation artemisinin derivatives (e.g. artesunate, artemether, etc.) was enhanced by novel derivatives, including dimer and trimer molecules. First results on patients indicating activity in a subset of HCMV patients. Novel developments in the field of nanotechnology and synthetic biology to bioengineer microorganisms for artemisinin production may pave the way for novel drugs to fight viral infections with artemisinin-based drugs. |
| |
Keywords: | AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome BKV polyomavirus BK BVDV bovine viral diarrhea virus EBTr embryonic trachea tissue EBV Epstein-Barr virus HBV hepatitis B virus HCMV human cytomegalovirus HCV hepatitis C virus HHV human herpesvirus HIV human immunodeficiency virus HPV human papillomavirus HSV-1 human herpes simplex virus 1 50 50% inhibitory dose JCPyV human JC polyomavirus ROS reactive oxygen species Antiviral therapy Phytochemicals Sesquiterpene |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|