神经内科住院患者肺部感染的相关危险因素分析及护理对策

目的：确定影响神经内科患者肺部感染的危险因素，为预防和控制住院患者肺部感染提供依据。方法：本研究采用回顾性调查方法，对我院神经内科2010年3月至2011年3月住院患者发生肺部感染的案例进行回顾性调查分析。结果：研究发现，调查的2091名患者中，肺部感染例数为41例，发生率为1．96％。内源性因素包括：年龄，意识障碍，瘫痪，卧床，严重的基础疾病；外源性因素包括：住院日，侵入性检查、人工气道与人工机械通气，不合理使用抗生素以及误吸。结论：外源性的感染，通过科学有效的护理措施，在临床上及早进行预防性的护理干预，采取有针对性的护理措施，预防患者肺部感染的发生，降低患者的发病率和死亡率。

Analysis of Risk Factors Related to Hospitalized Patients with Pulmonary Infection in Department of Neurology and Nursing Measures

Objective：To determine the effects of neurological patients with risk factors for lung infections, hospital patients for the prevention and control provide the basis for lung infection. Methods：This studyusedretrospectiveinvestigation, Department of Neurology in our hospital from March 2010 to March 2011 2091 patients hospitalized cases of lung infection investigation and analysis. Results： Study found that patients in the 2091 survey, the number of cases of pulmonary infection was 41 cases, the rate was 1.96%. Endogenous factors include： age, disturbance of consciousness, paralysis, bed rest, severe underlying diseases; exogenous factors include： length of stay, inva- sive procedures, artificial airway and mechanical ventilation, the irrational use of antibiotics and aspiration. Conclusion： For exogenous infections, taking scientific and effective and preventive nursing care measures, as well as an early clinical intervention, can prevent the occurrence of lung infection in patients and reduce patients＇ morbidity and mortality.