人体肠道噬菌体的研究与应用

肠道是人体内微生物定殖最丰富的部位。近年来，随着肠道菌群与人体健康疾病关联研究的蓬勃发展，肠道噬菌体也逐渐引起关注。然而，相关信息技术和实验技术发展的滞后在一定程度上限制了肠道噬菌体的科学研究进程。因此，本文首先回顾了近几年来肠道噬菌体研究领域所开发或采用的计算和实验方法，包括噬菌体的测序数据分析和噬菌体的分离纯化等。随后，本文就肠道噬菌体的分类、肠道内噬菌体与细菌的互作及肠道噬菌体在人体疾病干预中的应用展开了讨论。最后，本文展望了肠道噬菌体研究在数据和实体资源、信息和实验技术、与肠道菌群的互作、干预和治疗人体疾病各方面的一系列挑战和机遇。

Research and application of human gut bacteriophage

The gut is the largest reservoir of human flora. In the last decade, with the increasing investigations on the relationships between gut microbiota and human health diseases, gut bacteriophage has also drawn more attention. However, the research of gut bacteriophage is still in its infancy, hampered by delayed progress in the experimental and bioinformatical technology for gut bacteriophage and virome. Thus, this review first summarizes the research methodology of gut bacteriophage in computation and experiments, including sequening analysis and phage isolation, etc. Then, phage taxonomy, phage-host interactions, and the clinical applications of gut bacteriophage are also discussed. Finally, this review looks forward to the challenges and opportunities for gut bacteriophage research in data and physical resources, bioinformatical and experimental technology, interactions with intestinal bacteria, interventions on human diseases, etc.