猪苓菌核结晶及厚壁细胞的起源与发育

猪苓菌核的含晶细胞发生于菌丝中间或顶端，该细胞具有体积大、细胞质丰富等特点；结晶是由细胞质中的微小颗粒沉积于液泡中逐渐发育而成，液泡周围常有数量较多的线粒体分布，结晶发育至一定大小时细胞壁破裂释放出结晶，单个结晶在菌核中可聚集成大的棱状晶体。厚壁细胞产生于菌丝中间，与两端细胞以横隔膜相隔，细胞质收缩的同时胞壁加厚，厚壁细胞发育至仅留很小胞腔或完全被加厚物质充满时，可与相邻菌丝细胞分离；猪苓菌核厚壁细胞与有些真菌无性厚壁孢子的形成类同，但其大小不等在5～30μm之间。

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CRYSTAL AND THICK-WALLED CELLS IN SCLEROTIA OF GRIFOLA UMBELLATA

Crystal cells of sclerotia of Grifola umbellata exist in the mildle or apex of hyphae,the cells usualy are large in volume and rich in protoplasm.A great deal of very small grains in protoplasm accumulated into the vacuole to form crystals.Mitochondria distributed in the outside of the vacuole.As the crystals devtloped to maturity in crystal cells,the cell wall was broken to release the crystals.Smalt crystals could accumulated into a large prismatic cry- stals in the sclerotia of G.umbellata.Thick-walled cells of sclerotia formed at the middle of hyphae and were separated by cross septa with adjacent cells of hyphae,the cell wall was thickened as its protoplasm contracted.The thick walled cells were separated from adjacent cells of hyphae when cell cavity became very narrow or completely blocked.The development of thick-walled cells of Grifola umbellata was similar to that of chlamydospores of other fungi, but they differed from chlamydospores in their size.