炭团菌提取物对樟子松枯梢病菌的抑菌活性及稳定性研究

采用水提和酯提2种方式提取炭团菌液体培养菌液中高效抑制樟子松枯梢病菌活性物质。采用生长速率法测定提取物对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制率,采用悬滴法测定其对病原菌孢子萌发的抑制率。炭团菌液体培养菌液乙酸乙酯提取物稳定性试验选用紫外线、温度、pH、氧化剂与还原剂以及贮存时间5个因子。结果表明:炭团菌液体培养菌液的5种提取物对樟子松枯梢病菌均有一定的抑菌活性,乙酸乙酯提取物对病原菌菌丝生长的抑制率最高,达到73.20%;乙酸乙酯提取物、超声波提取物、正丁醇提取物对病原菌孢子萌发抑制率均超过90%。乙酸乙酯提取物对自然环境下的紫外线、温度具有很高的稳定性,并且有一定的抗氧化还原能力和良好的耐热性,长期贮存不影响其抑菌活性,具有很高的开发价值和很好的应用前景。

Research on the Antifungal Activities and Stability of the Extracts from Culture Liquid of Hypoxylon perforatum to Sphaeropsis sapinea

In order to obtain the active substances which can efficiently inhibit Sphaeropsis sapinea growth and germination from culture liquid of Hypoxylon perforatum, water and ester were used for extracting active substances from culture liquid of Hypoxylon perforatum. Growth-inhibiting rate and germination-inhibiting rate were used as the indices of antifungal activity. Growth rate method was used to measure the growth-inhibiting rate and pendent drop method was used to determine the germination-inhibiting rate. Ultraviolet rays, temperature, pH, oxidants and reductant, storage time were selected for the stability test of ethyl acetate-extract. The results showed that the five extracts from culture liquid of Hypoxylon perforaturn all have definite antifungal activities to Sphaeropsis sapinea growth and germination. Ethyl acetate-extract was the best one on inhibiting Sphaeropsis sapinea growth, the growth-inhibiting rate of which was 73.20%; the germination-inhibiting rates of ethyl acetate-extract, ultrasonic-extract and n-butyl alcoholextract were all over 90%. In the natural environment, ethyl acetate-extract has a high stability to ultraviolet rays and temperature, definite anti-oxidation and anti-reduction capacity, and good heat resistance. Long-term storage does not affect its antifungal activity. So it is of great developmental value and a good application prospect.