谷子的亲缘识别能力及其与种植密度和土壤养分水平的关系

为探明作物是否具有识别邻株身份的能力以及这种能力是否受到环境因子的调控,通过大田试验,研究邻株身份(亲缘株、非亲缘株和陌生株)、种植密度和土壤养分水平的交互效应对谷子(Setaria italica)地上部分生物量分配的影响。结果表明,谷子与亲缘株为邻时的净繁殖生物量分配和种子生物量分配,比与非亲缘株为邻时显著提高,且营养生物量分配显著降低(P<0.05)。在高种植密度条件下,亲缘组谷子的穗长、净繁殖生物量分配和种子生物量分配显著大于非亲缘组,而营养生物量分配显著小于非亲缘组(P<0.05)。随着土壤养分水平提高,亲缘组谷子的种子生物量分配显著增加,营养生物量分配显著减少(P<0.05)。由此推断,谷子具有对亲缘邻株的识别能力,且这种能力受种植密度和土壤养分水平的调控,在高种植密度和高土壤养分水平条件下,谷子的亲缘邻株识别能力较强。

kin Recognition in Setaria italica and Its Relations with Plant Density and Soil Nutrient Level

The aim was to explore whether crop plant could recognize its kin neighbors, and how it respond in different environmental conditions. The interaction effects of three factors, including neighbor identity (kin plant, non-kin plant and stranger plant), plant density and soil nutrient level, on the aboveground biomass allocation of Setaria italica were studied by field experiments. The results showed that the net reproductive biomass allocation and seed biomass allocation of S. italica planted with neighboring kins increased and the vegetative biomass allocation decreased significantly than those planted with neighboring non-kins. Under high plant density, the ear length, net reproductive biomass allocation and seed biomass allocation of S. italica in kin group were significantly higher than those in non-kin group (P<0.05), while the vegetative biomass allocation was lower. As soil nutrient level increased, the proportion of biomass allocation to seed of S. italica planted with neighboring kins significantly increased, while that of vegetative biomass allocation significantly decreased (P<0.05). It suggested that S. italica can recognize its kin neighbors, and this ability was regulated by plant density and soil nutrient level. Under high plant density and high soil nutrient level, the ability of S. italica to recognize its kin neighbors tended to be stronger.