| Abstract: | Human hemoglobin, reacted at the four amino termini with 4-isothiocyanatobenzenesulphonic acid (Hb-ICBS), was separated into its constituent chains. Recombination of the ICBS-reacted chains with the unmodified mate chains produced the hybrid tetramers modified at either the beta or the alpha chains: alpha 2 beta 2ICBS and alpha 2ICBS beta 2. All of the modified tetramers show a reduced oxygen affinity and reduced cooperativity; furthermore the oxygen affinity of the Hb-ICBS and alpha 2 beta 2ICBS is unaffected by 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate while the oxygen affinity of alpha 2ICBS beta 2 is decreased in the presence of this organic phosphate. The oxygen affinity of Hb-ICBS and alpha 2ICBS beta 2 is independent of chloride concentration, while the alpha 2 beta 2ICBS hybrid shows a reduced response to this anion. The tetramers alpha 2ICBS beta 2 and alpha 2ICBS beta 2ICBS show a decreased alkaline Bohr effect, which can be rationalized as being due to disruption of the oxygen-linked chloride-binding sites; in the case of alpha 2 beta 2ICBS the Bohr effect is instead (partially) maintained. The functional properties of artificial tetramers have been studied also from a kinetic point of view by CO combination and the results obtained compare satisfactorily with equilibrium data. The possibility of obtaining selectively modified hemoglobins promises to provide further insight into the properties of the oxygen-linked anion-binding sites in hemoglobin. |
