凤眼莲等水生植物对重金属污水监测和净化作用的研究

本文研究了凤眼莲、芦苇、蒲草、杏菜、黑藻等高等水生植物对含砷、汞、镉污水的监测作用和净化能力以及温度、pH值等因子对植物的影响。初步认为凤眼莲是含砷污水的监测植物，同时又是含砷、汞，镉污水的净化植物。芦苇，蒲草是抗污能力较强的植物，并能吸收积累污水中的砷、汞、镉。水生植物对砷、汞、镉的忍耐力大小是因其植物生活型不同而异，一般为挺水植物>飘浮、浮叶植物>沉水植物。积累量为沉水植物>飘浮、浮叶植物>挺水植物。植物对重金属元素的吸收积累受温度和pH值等生态因子的制约。

Studies of the Monitoring and Purifying Process on the Heavy Metals in Wastewater by the Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Some Vascular Plants

In this paper, we have studied the monitoring and purifying ability of Eichhornia crassipes, Typha angustifolia, Phragmites communis, Nymphoides peltatum, Hydrilla verticillata on arsenic, mercury and cadmium in wastewater. The effect of temperature, and pH values of culture solution on the vascular aquatic plants were also investigated. The water hyacinth was considered to be a monitor and purifying plant of arsenic. It also contains mercury and cadmium Phragmites communis and Typha angustifolia are the more resistant plants to these heavy metals, and those metals can be absorbed and accumulated by these plants. The toler ance to arsenic, mercury, cadmium of the aquatic plants is related to the life forms of plants. The sequence of tolerances is as follows: Emerged plants. Free-floating hydrophytes. Floating-leaved plants>Submerged plants. The sequence of accumulation of metals in living plants is as following: Submerged paints> Floating-leaved plants>Free-floating hydrophytes. Emerged plants. The absorptance of metals by plants is affected by the temperature and pH value of culture solution.