致病性暗色霉的浆膜超微结构分类学意义初探

对致病性暗色霉中的着色霉(Fonsecaea Negroni)外瓶霉(Exophiala Charmichael)瓶霉(Phialophoro Medlar)中的五种真菌浆膜超微结构进行了冰冻蚀刻研究,发现裴氏着色霉(Fonsecaea pedrosoi)和紧密着色霉(F.compacta)的内折长而宽,较深,略有弯曲,数量少,多呈平行或垂直排列。皮炎外瓶霉(Exophiala dermatitidis)的内折数量多,密集而分布均匀,呈圆点状或圆棒状。棘状外瓶霉(Exophiala spinifera)的内折少而表浅,多为圆形。疣状瓶霉(Phialophora verrucosa)的内折数量,排列,形状无一定规律。据上述特征,着色霉可以与外瓶霉,疣状瓶霉区别开来,皮炎外瓶霉也可与棘状外瓶霉区分。浆膜超微结构的性状有一定的分类学意义。

STUDIES ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF PLASMA MEMBRANE OF PATHOGENIC DEMATIACEOUS FUNGI

The ultrastructure of the plasma membrane of 5 species of genera Fonsecaea, Exophiala and Phialophora were studied by freeze-etching technique. We found that the invaginations on the surface of plasma membrane of the five species have their own characteristics. The genus Fonsecaea can be distinguished from Exophiala and Phialophora, and species E. spinifera can be distinguished from E. dermatitidis, but one cannot distinguish between the species F. pedrosoi and F. compacta. It is believed that the ultrastructure of the plasma membrane of the pathogenic dematiaceous fungi are of taxonomic significance.