不同盐度条件下中华绒螯蟹亲蟹行为及血淋巴生理变化

设定淡水对照组、盐度18适应组、盐度30骤变组(18→30)和盐度0骤变组(18→0),采用视频记录分析法研究了不同盐度条件下中华绒螯蟹雌性亲蟹的8项行为学指标变化,并测定了血淋巴渗透压及离子、血蓝蛋白含量。结果表明:中华绒螯蟹亲蟹封闭反应行为仅发生于盐度组(盐度18组和盐度30骤变组),且盐度30骤变组封闭反应时间显著高于盐度18组(P<0.05);腹部开合行为仅见于盐度0骤变组;盐度组第一触角回缩时间显著高于对照组(P<0.05);其他5项行为学指标活动频率均于盐度0骤变组最高。各实验组亲蟹血淋巴渗透压及离子浓度均高于外界实验水体,且均随盐度升高而增大。血蓝蛋白含量随盐度的降低而升高,盐度0骤变组血蓝蛋白含量显著高于盐度30骤变组(P<0.05)。分析认为,中华绒螯蟹亲蟹在0～30盐度范围内进行高渗透压调节,腹部开合行为是其在低盐度环境下暴露尾肠吸收水中离子的一种行为策略,封闭反应有助于机体减少高盐度坏境下水的吸收及扩散失盐。

Variations of behavior and haemolymph physiology of female parent Chinese crab (Eriocheir sinensis) under different water salinities

Four treatments of water salinity (fresh water, CK; salinity 18, group A; salinity rapidly varied from 18 to 30, group B; and salinity rapidly varied from 18 to 0, group C) were installed to monitor eight behavior indicators of female parent Chinese crab (Eriocheir sinensis) by the method of video recording analysis and to measure the haemolymph osmolality, haemolymph ion concentration, and hemocyanin concentration of the female parent E. sinensis under different water salinities. The closure reaction behavior of the E. sinensis only occurred in groups A and B, and the duration of this reaction was significantly longer in group B than in group A (P<0.05). The abdomen extension behavior was only found in group C. The duration of antennule retraction in groups A and B was significantly higher than that in CK (P<0.05). The reaction frequency of other five behaviors was significantly higher in group C than in other 3 groups. The haemolymph osmolality and haemolymph ion concentration of the E. sinensis were higher in groups A, B, and C than that in the CK, and the haemolymph osmolality and haemolymph Na+ and Cl- concentrations increased with increasing water salinity. On the contrary, the hemocyanin concentration increased with decreasing water salinity, being significantly higher in group C than in group B (P<0.05). It was considered that the female parent E. sinensis was in hyper osmoregulation when the water salinity was varied from 0 to 30. Abdomen extension could bring the hindgut into direct contact with the water, functioning as an additional means of ion uptake in low water salinity. Closure reaction could help the reduction of water absorption and salt loss in high salinity environment.