Molecular Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Six Durum Wheat Accessions Including Graziella Ra |
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Authors: | Mariastella Colomba Massimo Vischi Armando Gregorini |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSTeVA), Universit? di Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via Maggetti 22 (loc. Sasso), 61029 Urbino, Pesaro e Urbino, Italy;(2) Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Universit? di Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy |
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Abstract: | Genetic identity and relatedness of the durum wheat Graziella Ra, four Italian commercial durum cultivars (Cappelli, Grazia,
Flaminio and Svevo) and Kamut were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), simple sequence repeats
(SSRs) and α-gliadin gene sequence analysis. Our primary objective was to study molecular genetic diversity in such a set
of wheats including three modern (Grazia, Flaminio and Svevo) and three older (Cappelli, Kamut and Graziella Ra) durum accessions.
Specifically, we aimed at determining the relationship between the historic accession Graziella Ra and Kamut, which is considered
an ancient relative of the durum subspecies. Obtained results revealed that (1) both AFLP and SSR molecular markers detected
highly congruent patterns of genetic diversity among the accessions showing nearly similar efficiency; (2) for AFLPs, percentage
of polymorphic loci within accession ranged from 6.57% to 19.71% (mean, 12.77%) and for SSRs, from 0% to 57.14% (mean, 28.57%);
(3) principal component analysis of genetic distance among accessions showed the first two axes accounting for 58.03% (for
AFLPs) and 61.60% (for SSRs) of the total variability; (4) for AFLPs, molecular variance was partitioned into 80% (variance
among accessions) and 20% (within accession) and for SSRs, into 73% (variance among accessions) and 27% (within accession);
(5) cluster analysis of AFLPs and SSRs datasets displayed Graziella Ra and Kamut constantly grouped into the same cluster;
and (6) molecular comparison of α-gliadin gene sequences showed Graziella Ra and Kamut in separate clusters. All these findings
support the hypothesis that Graziella Ra and Kamut, although very similar, at least in the little part of the genome investigated
by molecular markers employed in this study, might be considered as distinct accessions. |
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