New insights into the history of domesticated and wild apricots and its contribution to Plum pox virus resistance |
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Authors: | Stéphane Decroocq Amandine Cornille David Tricon Sevda Babayeva Aurélie Chague Jean‐Philippe Eyquard Raul Karychev Svetlana Dolgikh Tatiana Kostritsyna Shuo Liu Weisheng Liu Wenjuan Geng Kang Liao Bayram M Asma Zeynal Akparov Tatiana Giraud Véronique Decroocq |
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Institution: | 1. UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, Villenave d'Ornon, France;2. UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France;3. Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Science for life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;4. Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan;5. Kazakh Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture, Almaty, Kazakhstan;6. Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan;7. Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Xiongyue Town, Bayuquan District, Yingkou City, Liaoning, China;8. College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China;9. Department of Horticulture, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey;10. Ecologie Systematique Evolution, Univ. Paris‐Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris‐Saclay, Orsay, France |
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Abstract: | Studying domesticated species and their wild relatives allows understanding of the mechanisms of population divergence and adaptation, and identifying valuable genetic resources. Apricot is an important fruit in the Northern hemisphere, where it is threatened by the Plum pox virus (PPV), causing the sharka disease. The histories of apricot domestication and of its resistance to sharka are however still poorly understood. We used 18 microsatellite markers to genotype a collection of 230 wild trees from Central Asia and 142 cultivated apricots as representatives of the worldwide cultivated apricot germplasm; we also performed experimental PPV inoculation tests. The genetic markers revealed highest levels of diversity in Central Asian and Chinese wild and cultivated apricots, confirming an origin in this region. In cultivated apricots, Chinese accessions were differentiated from more Western accessions, while cultivated apricots were differentiated from wild apricots. An approximate Bayesian approach indicated that apricots likely underwent two independent domestication events, with bottlenecks, from the same wild population. Central Asian native apricots exhibited genetic subdivision and high frequency of resistance to sharka. Altogether, our results contribute to the understanding of the domestication history of cultivated apricot and point to valuable genetic diversity in the extant genetic resources of wild apricots. |
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Keywords: | fruit tree pathogen population structure
Prunus armeniaca
virus wild progenitor |
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