基于生物多样性的樟江流域自然保护地空间优化

优化生态保护空间格局是我国生态文明建设的重要内容,也是国际保护生态学研究的前沿方向.评估资源禀赋、识别并确定优先次序和预测保护区对保护和管理濒危物种至关重要.樟江流域内已占11.9％流域面积的保护区仍出现77.9％流域面积的生境显著退化,发展与保护亟待合理平衡.Zonation4GUI软件以互补性非穷尽式算法为基础,在...

Biodiversity-based spatial optimization for natural conservation areas of Zhangjiang River basin

It assumes an essential role to optimize the spatial pattern of ecological conservation within the scope of ecological civilization construction in China,which is also the frontier orientation of international research regarding ecological conservation.Assessing resource endowments,identifying and prioritizing and predicting conservation areas are critical to the protection and management of endangered species.Although conservation areas account for 11.9%of the Zhangjiang River watershed,significant habitat degradation has occurred across 77.9%of the watershed,highlighting an urgent need to balance development and protection.Based on a complementary non-exhaustive algorithm,the Zonation4GU software can produce ideal outcomes in optimizing existing conservative networks and characterizing rarity and uniqueness.This paper presents a study of the route towards spatial integration and optimization in natural conservations in the Zhangjiang River watershed based on the software.First,the distributional patterns of habitats of species,weights of species protection and planning units were manually preprocessed;the layer of conditions for imported habitat degradation and the layer of protection cost were iteratively selected;finally,optimization solutions to three different scenarios were proposed in combination of the artificial interference.The results show that the area prioritizing protection has an ideal coverage on habitats of proxy species,optimization solutions to scenario prioritizing ecological integrity and that prioritizing the minimum social,economic and land-resource costs both present as tire-1 priority areas with an construction expansion rate smaller than 8%and all protected targets receiving protection;after around 27% of the all priority areas were incorporated, the two optimization solutions exhibited a 70.0% and 59.0% rise, respectively, in covering the habitats of all protected targets. Although the optimization scenario prioritizing ecological integrity produces better performances than that prioritizing the minimum social, economic and land-resource costs, it entails a higher cost of protection. With respect to the optimization scenario prioritizing intense artificial interference such as urgent conservation, 90.7% of the inhabits for the protected targets have seen a significant coverage increase. From the technical and operative perspective, this study provides a viable route towards creating an integration and optimization solution to China’s natural conservation system.