利用染色体涂染方法建立人和白眉长臂猿(Hylobates hoolock)的比较染色体图谱

除人Y染色体外,本文采用生物素标记的人全部整条染色体特异探针与白眉长臂猿(Hylobates hoolock)有丝分裂中期分裂相进行染色体原位杂交即染色体涂染法以研究人和白眉长臂猿染色体之间的同源性。在白眉长臂猿18对常染色体上检测出了与人22对常染色体同源的59对染色体片段,确定了人和白眉长臂猿之间的精度较高的染色体连锁群。结果表明:自人与白眉长臂猿的祖先分歧以来,大量的染色体间重排(至少发生了39次易位)和染色体内的重排导致了二者核型的差异。根据杂交结果绘制了首份人和白眉长臂猿比较染色体图谱,并结合已有的人和白掌长臂猿(Hylobates lar)(2n=44)和合趾长臂猿(Hylobates syndactylus)(2n=50)的比较染色体图谱对长臂猿属的染色体进化作了初步的探讨。

A Comparative Chromosome Map between Human and Hylobates hoolock Built by Chromosome Painting

We established chromosomal homologies between all human chromosomes exceptY and those of Hylobates hoolock by chromosome painting (chromosome in situsuppression hybridization with human chromosome-specific DNA libraries). Humanchromosomes 9,13,15,18,21,22,X libraries hybridized to single G-banding H. hoolockchromosomal region, other human DNA libraries showed at least two homologoussegments in H. hoolock chromosomes. 59 segments homologous to one of 22 humanautosomes were detected in 18 H. hoolock autosomes. There were at least 39translocations. Thus an uniquivocally high degree of synteny between human and H.hoolock was confirmed. This will finally allow H. hoolock to be integrated into theoverall picture of chromosomal evolution in Hylobatids.