Essential Oil of Lepidium virginicum: Protective Activity on Anthracnose Disease and Preservation Effect on the Nutraceutical Content of Tamarillo Fruit (Solanum betaceum) |
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| Authors: | Yesenia Pacheco-Hernández Juana Deisy Santamaría-Juárez Néstor Hernández-Silva Ramiro Cruz-Durán Clemente Mosso-González Nemesio Villa-Ruano |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-IPN, Ex-Hacienda San Juan Molino carretera estatal Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km1.5, CP 90700 Tlaxcala, México;2. Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Blvd. Valsequillo y Av. San Claudio, s/n, edif. ING-4., Col. San Manuel, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 72570 Puebla, México;3. Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos-IPN, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Col. San Isidro, CP 62731 Yautepec, Morelos, México;4. Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, CP 04510 Del. Coyoacán, México;5. CONACyT-Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), 4a. Av. Nte. esquina 19, Norte, Centro, CP 30700 Tapachula, Chiapas, México;6. CONACyT-Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Prolongación de la 24 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, CP 72570 Puebla, México |
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| Abstract: | The essential oil from the annual plant Lepidium virginicum L. was chemically characterized in three consecutive years (2018–2020). The essential oils were evaluated in vitro and in situ on the causal agent of anthracnose in tamarillo fruits (Solanum betaceum). The main volatile constituents were phenylacetonitrile (>60 %), linalool (>10 %), limonene (>7 %) and α-terpineol (>5 %). The essential oil (MIC, 19–30 μg mL?1), phenylacetonitrile (MIC, 45 μg mL?1) and α-terpineol (MIC, 73 μg mL?1) caused a significant inhibition in the conidial viability from a wild strain of Colletotrichum acutatum, which was isolated and identified as a causal agent of anthracnose. The inoculation of conidia from C. acutatum in non-symptomatic tamarillo fruits, followed by the in situ treatment with different concentrations of the essential oil (>30 μg mL?1), phenylacetonitrile and α-terpineol, significantly (p<0.01) avoided the degradation of anthocyanins (delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside and pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside) and carotenoids (β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene) as well as retarded yellowing and necrosis triggered by anthracnose at least for 10 days. Our results suggest the potential use of the essential oil from L. virginicum as a natural component to preserve the nutraceutical content of tamarillo fruits against C. acutatum infection. |
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| Keywords: | Lepidium virgunicum essential oil Colletotrichum acutatum biocide tamarillo |
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