In vitro and in vivo antagonism of pathogenic turfgrass fungi by Streptomyces hygroscopicus strains YCED9 and WYE53 |
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Authors: | K Chamberlain D L Crawford |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844–3052, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Disease prevention is a current practice used to minimize fungal diseases of turfgrasses in lawns and golf greens. Prevention
is accomplished through fungicide applications, and by periodic thatch removal. During the development of a microbial biodethatch
product utilizing the lignocellulose-degrading Streptomyces hygroscopicus strains YCED9 and WYE53, we demonstrated using in vitro plate antagonism bioassays that both strains are antagonists of various turfgrass fungal pathogens. These activities were
present when the cultures were growing on thatch, as demonstrated by antifungal antagonism bioassays with culture filtrates.
Experiments conducted using a growth chamber demonstrated that a bio-dethatch formulation containing spores of strains YCED9
and WYE53 in a zeolite carrier, provided protection for Kentucky bluegrass seedlings against turfgrass pathogens, including
Pythium ultimum, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia homeocarpa, Gaeumannomyces graminis and Microdochium nivale. Results showed that by integrating the use of the S. hygroscopicus YCED9/WYE53 bio-dethatch formulation into routine turf management practices, it should be possible to both minimize thatch
build-up while also controlling fungal turfgrass diseases by way of the antifungal biocontrol activity of these strains. This
in turn would help control fungal pathogens in turfgrass while minimizing the need for routine chemical fungicide applications.
Received 19 October 1998/ Accepted in revised form 19 March 1999 |
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Keywords: | : Streptomyces hygroscopicus biocontrol fungi turf thatch |
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