兽药的生态毒理及其对环境影响的研究进展

药物在环境中的转归和对生态环境的潜在影响已成为国际上研究的热点．兽药以原形或代谢产物形式经畜禽粪尿排出体外，沿不同的路径进入环境．在各种环境因素的作用下，通过不同的方式发生转归．环境中的兽药不仅可以影响不同的生物种群，而且通过不同生物间的关系，影响生态系统．就兽药在环境中的染毒线路、转归、兽药对环境生物(动物、植物、微生物)和土壤过程的影响等方面进行了论述，并简述了药物环境风险评估的重要性．

Research advance in ecotoxicology and environmental impact of veterinary medicines

Veterinary medicines or their metabolites could be discharged to the environment through different exposure routes, and had potential impacts to ecosystem in different levels, including individual, population, community and ecosystem. Their fate and potential impact have been widely researched in the world. This paper reviewed their exposure routes, fate in the environment, and impact on organisms in soils and waters and on soil processes. The significance of their environmental risk assessment was also analyzed.