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Cycling of nutrients from dying roots to living plants,including the role of mycorrhizas
Authors:E. I. Newman  W. R. Eason
Affiliation:(1) Department of Botany, University of Bristol, BS8 1UG Bristol, UK;(2) Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Plas Gogerddan, SY23 3EB Aberystwyth, UK
Abstract:This paper presents information about the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from dying grass roots and the capture of phosphorus by other, living plants. We have paid particular attention to the part played by mycorrhizas in this phosphorus capture, and the possible importance of mycorrhizal links between dying and living roots.WhenLolium perenne plants were grown with ample nutrients and their roots then detached and buried in soil, about half the nitrogen and two-thirds of the phosphorus was lost in three weeks, but only one-fifth of the dry weight. The C:N and C:P ratios suggest that microbial growth in the roots would at first be C-limited but would become N- and P-limited within three weeks.Rapid transfer of32P can occur from dying roots to those of a living plant if the two root systems are intermingled. The amount transferred was substantially increased in two species-combinations that are known to form mycorrhizal links between their root systems. In contrast, in a species-combination where only the living (lsquoreceiverrsquo) plant could become mycorrhizal no significant increase of32P transfer occurred. This evidence, although far from conclusive, suggests that mycorrhizal links between dying and living roots can contribute to nutrient cycling. This research indicates a major difference in nutrient cycling processes between perennial and annual crops.
Keywords:Lolium perenne  mycorrhiza  nitrogen  nutrient cycling  phosphorus  roots
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